I've added a few notes of occasional explanation. They're marked by asterisks (*).
 

1.

Which of the following statements about weathering is false? A. Rocks of different compositions weather at different rates. B. Heat and heavy rainfall increase the rate of chemical weathering. C. The presence of soil slows down weathering of the underlying bedrock. D. The longer a rock is exposed at the surface, the more weathered it becomes.

 

2.	Acids enhance chemical weathering. What is the most common natural acid on the Earth's surface? A. carbonic acid B. hydrochloric acid C. nitric acid D. sulfuric acid

 

3.

Which of the following statements is true? A. Silicate weathering and volcanism both increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. B. Silicate weathering increases and volcanism decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. C. Silicate weathering decreases and volcanism increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. D. Silicate weathering and volcanism both decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

 

4.	Which of the following is a form of chemical weathering? A. dissolution B. exfoliation C. frost wedging D. all of the above

 

5.	Which of the following factors would increase the chemical weathering rate? A. decreasing organic activity B. decreasing temperature C. increasing rainfall D. All of the above would increase the chemical weathering rate.

 

6.	Which of the following sets of processes is written in order of increasing temperature? A. sedimentation, metamorphism, diagenesis B. diagenesis, sedimentation, metamorphism C. sedimentation, diagenesis, metamorphism D. metamorphism, diagenesis, sedimentation

 

7.	What is the pressure on a rock at 15 kilometers depth in the Earth's crust? A. approximately 4 times atmospheric pressure B. approximately 40 times atmospheric pressure C. approximately 400 times atmospheric pressure D. approximately 4000 times atmospheric pressure

 

8.	The tendency for variations in current velocity to segregate sediments on the basis of particle size is called ______. A. compaction B. lithification C. metamorphism D. sorting

 

9.	What type of sediments are accumulations of solid fragments produced by weathering? A. biochemical sediments B. chemical sediments C. clastic sediments D. all of the above

 

10.

Which of the following statements about transportation of sediment is false? A. Smaller particles settle faster than larger particles. B. As a current slows, the largest particles start to settle. C. Faster currents carry larger particles than slower currents. D. Rivers and ocean currents move much more material than do air currents.

 

11.	In which of the following environments would gravel be least likely to be deposited? A. alluvial B. beach C. deep sea D. glacial

 

12.	The most abundant chemical/biochemical sedimentary rocks are ______. A. carbonates B. cherts C. sandstones D. shales

*Limestone and dolostone are both types of carbonates.
 

13.	Which of the following lists is written in order of decreasing particle size? A. conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone B. sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone C. sandstone, siltstone, conglomerate D. siltstone, sandstone, conglomerate

 

14.	Where do atolls form? A. on beaches along active continental margins B. on subsiding volcanic islands C. on tidal flats in humid environments D. on wave-dominated deltas

 

15.	Which of the following minerals is least likely to occur in a marine evaporite environment? A. calcite B. gypsum C. halite D. quartz

 

16.	Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms from __________? A. granite B. limestone C. sandstone D. shale

 

17.	Which of the following processes will cause metamorphism? A. an increase in pressure B. an increase in temperature C. interaction with hydrothermal fluids D. all of the above

 

18.	What type of metamorphism is caused by high temperature and high pressure imposed over a large volume of crust? A. burial B. contact C. regional D. shock

 

19.	What type of metamorphism is caused by igneous intrusions? A. burial metamorphism B. contact metamorphism C. regional metamorphism D. shock metamorphism

 

20.

What is the relation between metamorphic foliation and sedimentary bedding? A. Sedimentary bedding is generally perpendicular to metamorphic foliation. B. Sedimentary bedding is generally at a 45 degree angle to metamorphic foliation. C. Sedimentary bedding is generally parallel to metamorphic foliation. D. There is no general angular relationship between sedimentary bedding and metamorphic foliation.

 

21.	Which of the following is not used to classify foliated rocks? A. the metamorphic grade B. the nature of the foliation C. the size of the crystals D. the texture of the parent rock

 

22.	Which of the following sequences describes the metamorphic changes in a shale with increasing metamorphic grade? A. schist ? gneiss ? slate B. gneiss ?slate ? schist C. slate ? schist ? gneiss D. gneiss ? schist ? slate

 

23.	Which of the following metamorphic rocks is incorrectly paired with its parent rock? A. greenstone ? basalt B. marble ? limestone C. quartzite ? granite D. schist ? shale

 

24.	The principle of superposition states that __________. A. a fault is younger than the rocks it cuts B. sediments are deposited as essentially horizontal layers C. the present is the key to the past D. undisturbed sedimentary layers get progressively younger from bottom to top

* The others are also true; but they're different Principles or Laws.
 

25.	What is an unconformity? A. a gap in the geologic record B. a period of deposition C. a sedimentary layer of variable thickness D. a sequence of deformed rocks

 The following questions refer to the geologic cross section below. Units A, B, C, D, E, and F are sedimentary rocks. Unit G is a igneous intrusion.

 The following questions refer to the geologic cross section below. Units A, B, C, D, E, and F are sedimentary rocks. Unit G is a igneous intrusion.